Alveolar VD was 11-38% of VT and did not vary systematically with PEEP. Physiological VD was 41-64% of VT at zero PEEP and increased slightly with PEEP due to a rise in airway VD. Lung mechanics and VD were measured at each PEEP level. Stepwise increases in PEEP from zero to 15 cm H2O. Prospective, non-randomised comparative trial. Medical and surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital. We investigated how physiological, airway and alveolar VD varied with PEEP and analysed possible links to respiratory mechanics. A low VT and a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can prevent VILI, but the more VT is reduced, the more dead space (VD) compromises gas exchange. 193, 1–125.A large tidal volume (VT) and lung collapse and re-expansion may cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in acute lung injury (ALI). (1947) The influence of positive pressure breathing on the circulation in man. (1968) A theoretical study of controlled ventilation. (1968) A monogram for dead space requirement during prolonged artificial ventilation. (1968b) A mathematical analysis of physiological dead space in a lung model. (1968a) Change in P a CO2 with mechanical dead space during artificial ventilation. (1960) Respiratory dead space and arterial to end tidal CO 2 tension difference in anesthetized man. Blackwells Scientific Publications, Oxford.
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